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Four Elements of a Medical Malpractice Case

Malpractice lawsuits are a serious and medical malpractice lawsuits real threat to physicians. They could increase the cost of insurance for doctors and alter the practice of medicine.

In general, doctors are under a duty to their patients to follow accepted medical practices. This is referred to as the "standard of care.

To successfully to sue a doctor for malpractice, an aggrieved patient must be able to prove each of the following legal elements by the preponderance of evidence: breach of duty, breach of that duty; causation; and damages.

Duty of Care

The first thing to consider in a medical malpractice attorneys malpractice case is that the person who was injured was owed a duty of a doctor which was not fulfilled. Unlike some types of negligence cases, medical malpractice claims often require the existence of a physician-patient relationship, which can be established through things like doctor's records or phone consultations. In general, doctors who treat patients must adhere to accepted standards of their profession and practice.

Doctors can be held accountable for the negligence or incompetence of their staff, including assistants and interns. Additionally, they can be held liable for the actions of emergency medical malpractice lawyers personnel who are under their supervision.

The plaintiff is then required to prove that the defendant's actions did not meet the standard care under the circumstances. This can only be proven with expert testimony about acceptable medical practices and the defendant's inability to adhere to these standards. The second aspect of malpractice is that the breach directly caused harm to the patient. To prove that you have committed a crime the lawyer you hire to prove that the breach of duty by the defendant directly caused your injury or the wrongful death of your loved one. This concept is known as the proximate cause. If, for instance, the alleged negligent treatment could not have had a negative effect on your health, irrespective of whether or not it was performed in a way that was harmful, you will not be able to be awarded damages for any injuries or death that was believed to be cause by the physician's behavior.

Breach of Duty

A doctor who fails to meet his or her obligation of professional care to a patient could be held accountable for negligent behavior. In order to win a medical malpractice case the person who suffered must prove four elements: that there was a duty of care and the physician violated the obligation and the breach resulted in injuries, and then the injury resulted in damages. The standard of care is the most important component in a medical negligence case, and is determined by an expert's testimony. The standard of care is defined as the things that is what a "reasonably prudent" doctor would do in similar or similar circumstances.

The breach of this obligation occurs when he/she does not adhere to the standard of care when rendering treatment to the patient. For example, if the doctor breaks the arm of a patient the doctor is not able to properly set the arm or fails to cast the broken arm. A doctor's breach causes the broken arm to heal improperly. This can lead to a partial or complete loss of use, as well as financial damages.

In most instances, medical malpractice lawsuits are filed in state trial courts. However under certain circumstances, federal courts can also be able to hear these cases. Each of the 94 federal district courts in the United States has a judge-jury panel that will hear medical malpractice cases. Most states have special state courts that deal with these cases, though they follow different rules for court procedure than federal district courts.

Causation

Physicians take an oath to do no harm, and should they violate the oath and cause injury the patient could be legally entitled to compensation for their losses. A medical malpractice claim may occur when a doctor decides to perform a procedure which has known risks and the patient would have declined the procedure if they had been fully aware of all potential consequences.

The plaintiff in a medical negligence case must prove that the physician did not comply with accepted standards of practice, that this negligence was a direct cause for the injury or illness that the patient was suffering from, and that the injury could not have occurred except due to the negligence of the doctor. This burden of proof, known as "preponderance" of evidence is less stringent than "beyond reasonable doubt" which is needed to convict criminal defendants.

Medical malpractice lawsuits typically include expert witnesses and lengthy pretrial discovery processes. If the case settles or goes to trial, the attorneys on both sides invest considerable time and resources in preparing for the matter. This is one reason why malpractice claims can be so costly to both the plaintiff and the doctor involved, and is one of the main reasons that doctors and health care organizations are in favor of reforming tort law in the United States.

Damages

Victims may be awarded compensation or punitive damages based on the kind of medical malpractice. Compensatory damages pay for the financial losses and expenses caused by the physician's negligence which includes loss of income or the cost of future medical care. Non-economic damages include reimbursement for physical and mental anxiety.

Medical malpractice claims are filed in state trial courts. There are instances when an action can be filed in federal courts. This is typically the situation where a doctor works at a federally-funded clinic such as the Veterans' Administration, or if the doctor is from a different country and is practicing in the United States under a treaty of extraterritorial jurisdiction.

Medical malpractice lawsuits are mostly adversarial and involve large amounts of legal discovery. This includes depositions, written interrogatories, and requests for production of documents. The victims of medical malpractice also may have to endure the pressure of an open jury trial and could be at risk of being denied their claim by a judge or rejected by the jury.

You must establish that medical negligence or error caused your injury to win a claim for medical malpractice. The damage must be serious enough that a monetary award is sufficient to cover your financial losses as well as emotional pain. New York medical malpractice law also has certain damage caps, as well as limits to the amount that a patient can receive when they are successful in bringing claims.
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