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Structure of the medium, data recording Micrograph of recesses and fields Diagram of a cross-section of a pressed plate A standard compact disc, often referred to as an audio CD, stores the digital audio record in a "red book" standard to distinguish it from later variants. Compact discs are made of a 1.2 mm thick polycarbonate plate with a diameter of 12 cm, covered with a thin layer of aluminum (aluminum), in which information is contained (in the form of a combination of micro-grooves and places without them). They are read with a semiconductor laser (AlGaAs) with a wavelength of about 780 nm. The recording creates a spiral path from the center to the edge of the record.
The rotational speed of the plate is varied such that the linear speed of the read head with respect to the track is constant and for the reading speed x1 it is in the range of 1.2 to 1.4 ms. The disc is read from the center to the outside, and the rotational speed decreases as you move away from the center of the disc.
Before writing to disk, data is encoded in the "8 in 14" standard and stored in the form of land and pits. In the embossed plates, the recesses are 1/4 wavelength deep in the material of the reading laser plate (about 125 nm), as a result of the interference of light reflected from the environment and the recesses, the wave is extinguished. The pits are 500 nm wide and the track spacing is 1.6 mm. The differences in light reflection are used by the lens servo to guide the beam along the path and focus it.
The "8 in 14" coding system ensures that the smallest pit and land length is 3 bits (833 nm) and the longest 11 bits (3560 nm)